Apparatus for burning finely-divided fuel.



D. J. IRISH.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING FINELY DIVIDED FUEL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1, 1913.

Patented July 7, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET l WI T IVESSES:

D. J. IRISH.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING FINBLY DIVIDED FUEL. APPLICATION FILED APR. 1,191a.

1,108,51Q Patented July 7,1914,

2 SHEETS4SHEET 2.

I 1 Mfl ATTOR/VEVL tinuous,

resultmgln severe vibrations in the furnace.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

DAVID J. IRISH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORTO 'I'HE BABCOCK & WILOOXCOMPANY, I

OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING FINELY-DIVIDED FUEL.

Original application filed Ju y 15,

Specification of Letters Patent.

1913. Serial No. 758,088.

my application Serial No. 638,687, filed July The invention hereindescribed relates to a plate for deflect-ing the air entering acombustion chamber around an atomizer or socalled burner, and to thegeneral arrangement and construction of apparatus and devices employedfor atomizing and burning liquid fuel. d

The invention will be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of one form of an airdeflecting plate embodying my invention; Fig. 2 a section on the planeof the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 an'edge view of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 theblank from which the blades of Fig. 1 are made; Fig. 5 an edge view ofFig. 4 after bending; Fig. 6 an end view of the same blade (Fig. 5) toshow how the blade is twisted or bent to form two a-ngles; Fig. 7 afront elevation of a modified form of deflecting plate; Fig.8 a sectionon the plane of the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 a front elevation of afurnace showing the application of the air deflecting'plate and burnerthereto; and Fig. 10 a longitudinal section of a portion of the furnace.

Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts inthe several views.

The prime ing finely divided fuel is to obtain a continuous, intimateand thorough mixture of the fuel and an amount of air as nearly aspossible equal to the theoretical quantity required to effect completecombustion. If the mixing process is not uniform and conintermittentexplosions take place If the mixture is not thoroughly efl'ected a largeexcess of air is required with resultant loss in elliciency.

' The object of the present invention is to.

obj ect of all methods of burnsecure acontinuous, uniform and intimatemixture of the air and fuel so as to secure substantially uniformand-complete combustion. This is accomplished by admitting the air forcombustion around the burner and deflecting it from its normal directionof travel by a substantially flat plate comprising two or moreconcentrically arranged sets of blades inclined to the plane of theplate, the blades of one set being inclined in a direction opposite thedirection of inclination of the adjacent set, thereby causing concentricwhirling air currents to move in opposite direct-ions to thoroughly mixwith the fuel. The blades of each set are spaced apart so as to provideopenings for the admission of the air to the fuel.

As the result of experience I have determined upon an angleofincl-ination of the blades of 45 to the plane of their supportingplate as giving the best results. This angle, however, can be variedaccording to the fuel or which the burner may be applied. blades whichcause the deflection of the air are susceptible of various modificationscoming within the scope of my invention, as for example, they may becast integral with a supporting plate, or may be secured thereto infixed relation to one another and to the plate.

For the purpose of illustration, I have shown my invention as applied toa boiler furnace. Any suitable form of atomizer or so-called burner maybe used, such for example, as that shown in United States Patent No.1,007,793 dated November 7, 1911 The ourner is connected to a supplypipe 1 and terminates in proximit to a central opening in the plate, andpre erably in front of the plate, as shown in Fig.2, so that thedeflection of the air will begin after the air has passed the plane ofthe end of the burner. In the burners used by me the fuel,

as it is projected into the combustion chamber, assumes a conical shapeand to eflect the desired intimate mixture therewith of the airnecessary for complete combustion, I provide means comprising bladesarranged as above stated to thereby cause concentric Patented Ju1'7,1o14. 1911, Serial No. 638,687. Divided and this application filedApril 1,

the character of the furnace to I The currents of air to be producedwhirlingin opposite directions. These blades which effeet a change inthe direct on of the travel of the air may be set in any suitable mannerin an opening provided for the same in the furnace wall. I prefer,however, to mount them on a plate, either integral with the plate orsecured thereto by any suitable means. By employing a plate to which theblades are secured they may be conveniently handled and mounted in thefurnace wall.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 one form of plate is shown comprising aframe 2, to which the outer ends of the blades are secured, the innerends of the blades being attached to a ring 3 forming a central openingfor the burner, or through which the fuel'may be projected. The bladesare made from sheet metal, the blank being shown in Fig. 4. This blankis folded over flat on itself on the line 4 through 180. The end 5 isthen turned up 90 on the line 6 and the end' 7 is turned down on theline 8 through 90. The planes of the portions 5 and 7 of the blade areat right angles to each other so that when a blade so constructed is setinto the plate with the section 5 thereof at an angle of 45 to the planeof the plate, the plane of the other section 7 will be at a like angleto the plane of the plate but inclined in an opposite direction. In thisconstruction the air for combustion is divided into two currentstraveling. one within the other in opposite directions.

Instead' of making the blades of sheet metal and securing them to theplate I may make them in the form of a "casting divided into two or moreconcentric sections,

the blades of contiguous sections being inclined in opposite dlrections.Thus in Figs. 7 and 8 I have shown a sections the innermost 9 aving theblades inclined so as to causea whirling of the air in a right-handeddirection; the second or middle section 10 having the blades inclined tocause the air to whirl in a left-handed direction; and the blades of theoutermost section 11 being inclined similar to. the innermost. It is tobe understood that the plate may have as many sections as may bedesired, and" that the blades may be inclined to the plane of the plateat any desired angle depending upon the character of the fuel, or theparticular furnace with which the plate is used. The currents of airthrough the openingsbetween the blades may duced by the stack draft orby a .forced draft. In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown an application of theinvention with a forced draft, the air duct 12 leading from any suitablesource of supply terminating at the furnace front to completely inclosethe deflecting plate. The combustion chamber is shown as below a watertube boiler having a bank of inclined tubes 13. As the inner ends of theblades terminate in close proximity to the burner the whirlin rents ofair in opposite directions begins plate having three be inmotion of thecur immediately after the current of air passes the substantially flatdeflecting plate, so that the issuing stream of fuel is surrounded,intermingled with and thoroughly broken up by the whirling masses of airpractically immediately after it is ejected from the burner.

As above stated'the deflecting plate is substantially flat and, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2,

the blades are wider at their outer than at their inner ends. Thewhirling columns of air surround the non-whirling column passing throughring 3 which in turn encompasses the spray of fuel at the start, afterwhich the inner column is whirled by contact with the column of airdeflected by blades 7. Also as shown in Fig. 1 the'blades are setradially, the inner ends of the inner set terminating in the ring 3which provides a central opening.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United.States is 1. The combination witha burner, of an air deflecting .deviceconsisting of a sub stantially flat plate havinga central opening andcomprising concentrically arranged sets of blades, the blades in theindividual sets being substantially flat from their exterior to theirinterior edges and spaced apart to provide apertures for the admissionof air and inclined to the plane of the'plate, the blades of one setinclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of theblades of the adjacent set, the inner ends of the inner set of bladesterminating adjacent said central opening, and said burner terminatingin proximity to said opening.

2. The combination with a burner, of an air deflecting device consistingof a substantially flat plate having a central opening and comprisingconcentrically arranged sets of blades, said blades being spaced apartto provide apertures for the admission of air and inclined'to the planeof the plate, the blades of one set inclined in a direction 0 site tothe direction of inclination of t elades of the adjacent set, saidblades being wider at their outer than at their inner ends and the innerends of the inner set of blades terminating adjacent said centralopening, and said burner terminating in proximity to said opening.

3. The combination with a burner, of an air deflectin device consistingof a substantially flat p ate having a central opening and comprisingconcentrically arranged sets of blades, the blades in the individualsets being substantially flat from their exterior to their interioredges and spaced apart to provide apertures for the admission of air andinclined substantially 45 to the plane of the plate, the blades of oneset inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination ofthe blades of the adjacent set, the inner ends of the inner set ofblades terminating adjacent said central opening, and said burnerterminating in proximity to said opening. v 4

4. The combination With a burner, of an air deflecting device consistingof a' plate having a central opening and a plurality of blades radiallyarranged and coaxial with said burner, said blades being divided intoconcentrically arranged sets and inclined to the plane of the plate andspaced apart to provide apertures for the admission of air, the bladesin the individual sets beingsubstantially flat from their exterior totheir interior edges and the blades of one set inopening, and saidburner terminating in proximity to said opening.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

DAVID J. IRISH.

Witnesses M. E. MCNINCH, CHARLES S. JONES.

